大学英语四级考试阅读笔记(21)
D) be praised
注：考第二个实验结果，found 引导
Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would "smile and bubble" when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.
注：1.observation 暗示着实验结果
2.fundamental 基本的；urge n.欲望；make sense of 理解
29. The babies would "smile and bubble" at the lights because _________.
A) the lights were directly related to some basic "drives"
B) the sight of the lights was interesting
C) they need not turn back to watch the lights
D) they succeeded in "switching on" the lights
注：考第三个实验结果，observation 引导
30. According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something is a reflection of _______.
A) a basic human desire to understand and control the world
B) the satisfaction of certain physiological needs
C) their strong desire to solve complex problems
D) a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills
注：考最后一段，最后一句的同义改写
26. According to the author, babies learn to do things which ________.
A) are directly related to pleasure
B) will meet their physical needs
C) will bring them a feeling of success
D) will satisfy their curiosity
注：主题题，第二段末句
It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.
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阅读方法：
1.先看题干关键词再读文章，抓住考试原则句
2.文章详略程度的把握：细节举例快读，结论慢读
3.固定类型文章：实验型文章，分类型文章
4.主题题：主题句的确定方法
5.细节题：准确定位，主要考考试原则句
6.词汇题：根据上下文关系
7.推理题：正确答案在文章中存在
8.态度题：找直接评价语句
细节题准确定位方法：
1、根据题干关键词定位。（注意题干关键词在文章中的同义词）
例：brave=bold
2、利用因果、条件、比较关系词定位。
例：It's a better way of education. 条件词：It is a good way of education；if.... At...When...都是if的同义转换。
3、注意结合顺序原则定位。
4、难于定位时，抓住段落中最重要的考试原则句进行反推
18. Echo location in this article means the _____.根据顺序原则定位在第三段。
A) location of echoes
B) ability to determine where an echo comes from
C) scientific term for sound waves
D) ability to locate unseen objects by echoes
To appreciate the precision of the bats' echo location, we must first consider the degree of their reliance upon it. Thanks to sonar, an insect-eating bat can get along perfectly well without eyesight. This was brilliantly demonstrated by the Italian naturalist Lazzaro Spallanzani. He caught some bats in a bell tower, blinded them. and released them outdoors. Four of these blind bats were recaptured after they
had found their ways back to the bell tower, and on examining their stomachs' contents, Spallanxani found that they had been able to capture and eat flying insects. We know from experiments that bats easily find insects in the dark of night, even when the insects make no sound that can be heard by human ears. A bat will catch hundreds of softbodied silent flying insects in a single hour. It will even detect and chase pebbles (卵石) tossed (向上扔)into the air.
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
31. When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he should do is to ________
A) complain personally to the manager
B) threaten to take the matter to court
C) write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchase
D) show some written proof of the purchase to the store
32. If a consumer wants a quick settlement of his problem, it's better to complain to ________.
A) a shop assistant
B) the manufacturer
C) the store manager
D) a public organization
33. The most effective complaint can be made by _________.
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