语法的考查重点2

语法的考查重点2,标签：大学英语四级词汇下载,英语四级高频词汇大全,http://www.xuehuiba.com

　　① But for/Without， 主句

　　But for/Without your help， we wouldn't have accomplished the task on time.

　　② ……， otherwise/or ……

　　He hadn't had food for two days， or/otherwise he wouldn't have fainted out at work.

　　上面2）题就属于该句型，表达的是与过去事实相反的情况，所以用would have telephoned的结构。

　　③ 分词/不定式，主句

　　Having been born ten years earlier， you could have witnessed the disaster.

　　Given more time， we could have done the work much better.

　　You would be foolish to make friends with such people.

　　④ ……，thought/but ……

　　Einstein cared little for money， though he could have been very rich.

　　He could have got the job， but he didn't apply for it.

　　上面的1）题就属于该句型，表示他本来可以做那份工作弄到一份很不错的薪水。

　　Self-practice

　　下面同学们试做一下《语法分册》150页有关含蓄条件句的几道题。

　　3.名词性从句中的虚拟语气

　　Test yourself

　　与上述虚拟语气不同，名词性从句的虚拟语气大都与谓语动词有关，用法也比较简单，请同学们先做一下几题，然后我们一起总结以下都有哪些规律可以遵循。

　　1） Wouldn't you rather your child _____ to bed early？（2000.1）

　　A.go B.went C.would go D.goes

　　2） Mike's uncle insists ____ in this hotel.（2000.1）

　　A.staying not B.not to stay

　　C.that he would not stay D.that he not stay

　　3） Sometimes I wish I ____ in a different time and a different place.（2000.1）

　　A.be living B.were living C.would live D.would have lived

　　4） It is essential that these application forms ____ back as early as possible.（2000.1）

　　A.must be sent B.will be sent C.are sent D.be sent

　　5） It is recommended that the project _____ until all the

　　preparations have been made. （1995.6）

　　A.is not started B.will not be started C.not be started D.is not to be started

　　6） We are all for your proposal that the discussion ____.（1998.6）

　　A.be put off 　　B.was put off　　 C.should put off 　　D.is to be out off

　　7） The suggestion that the mayor ________the prizes was accepted by everyone.（2000.6）

　　A.would present 　　B.present 　　C.presents 　　D.ought to present

　　8） It's already 5 o'clock now.Don't you think it is about time ____？ （1996.6）

　　A.we are going home 　　B.we go home 　　C.we went home 　　D.we can go home

　　9） As Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces， I have directed that

　　all measures ____ for our defense.（1999.6）

　　A.had been taken 　　B.would be taken 　　C.be taken 　　D.to be taken

　　10） It is vital that enough money __________to fund the project. （1997.1）

　　A.be collected 　　B.must be collected 　　C.is collected 　　D.can be collected

　　11） I don't think it advisable that Tim ____ to the job since he has no experience.（1997.6）

　　A.is assigned 　　B.will be assigned 　　C.be assigned 　　D.has been assigned

　　12） If only the committee ______the regulations and put them into

　　effect as possible.（1997.1）

　　A.approve 　　B.will approve 　　C.can approve 　　D.would approve

　　Explanation and Expansion

　　A.参考答案：1）B 2） D 3）B 4）D 5）C 6）A

　　7）B 8）C 9）C 10）A 11）C 12） D

　　B.评析

　　与以上两种虚拟语气句式不同，这里虚拟语气中时态的变化比较少，主要依据所处的句型。考生所需要的是了解在哪些情况下用这种句式，测试中考生只需从四个选项中辨认答案即可。该部分所包含的句型有：

　　① 表示“命令”“建议”或“要求”的动词后面的宾语从句中用should + 原形动词，should可以省略。常用于该句型的动词有direct， order， command， require， ask， request， demand， insist， suggest， recommend等。

　　这里句型的考题中，一般都会有would， must等干扰项，正确选项以省略should者居多，并且常是not do something， 或be的形，尤其是 not be done的形式。如2）5）和9）。

　　另外这类考题还常借助于动词本身的句法结构设干扰项。如insist后可接doing something， being done或 on doing something的结构，suggest后也可接动名词。另外，这两个单词也有不用虚拟语气的句式，如insist 表示“坚持认为”，suggest表示“说明”“表明”时，从句中就不用虚拟语气，考生应注意分别。

　　② 表示“命令”“建议”或“要求”的名词后面的同位语或表语从句中同样是用should + 原形动词，should可以省略。

　　与上面一条相同，表示这些概念的名词如suggestion， order， proposal等后面的that从句中虚拟语气使用规则相同，如6）7）中都是that同位语从句中使用should + 原形动词，should省略的结构。

　　③ It is + 表示重要，有必要，吃惊，难以相信的名词或形容词，或表示“命令”“建议”“要求”的过去分词 + that 从句中用should + 原形动词，should可以省略。

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