雅思阅读：new weapon to fight cancer（二）

雅思阅读：new weapon to fight cancer（二）,标签：雅思阅读评分标准与雅思阅读真题下载,http://www.xuehuiba.com

　　9. Prof Seymour's innovative solution is to mask the virus from the body's immune system, effectively allowing the viruses to do what chemotherapy drugs do - spread through the blood and reach tumours wherever they are. The big hurdle has always been to find a way to deliver viruses to tumours via the bloodstream without the body's immune system destroying them on the way.

　　10. "What we've done is make chemical modifications to the virus to put a polymer coat around it - it's a stealth virus when you inject it," he said.

　　11. After the stealth virus infects the tumour, it replicates, but the copies do not have the chemical modifications. If they escape from the tumour, the copies will be quickly recognised and mopped up by the body's immune system.

　　12. The therapy would be especially useful for secondary cancers, called metastases, which sometimes spread around the body after the first tumour appears. "There's an awful statistic of patients in the west …… with malignant cancers; 75% of them go on to die from metastases," said Prof Seymour.

　　13. Two viruses are likely to be examined in the first clinical trials: adenovirus, which normally causes a cold-like illness, and vaccinia, which causes cowpox and is also used in the vaccine against smallpox. For safety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses.

　　14. The first trials will use uncoated adenovirus and vaccinia and will be delivered locally to liver tumours, in order to establish whether the treatment is safe in humans and what dose of virus will be needed. Several more years of trials will be needed, eventually also on the polymer-coated viruses, before the therapy can be considered for use in the NHS. Though the approach will be examined at first for cancers that do not respond to conventional treatments, Prof Seymour hopes that one day it might be applied to all cancers.

　　（665 words）

　　Questions 1-6

　　Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 1-6 write

　　TRUE                 if the statement agrees with the information

　　FALSE               if the statement contradicts the information

　　NOT GIVEN      if there is no information on this in the passage

　　1．Virus therapy, if successful, has an advantage in eliminating side-effects.

　　2．Cancer Research UK is quite hopeful about Professor Seymour's work on the virus therapy.

　　3．Virus can kill cancer cells and stop them from growing again.

　　4．Cancer's Achilles' heel refers to the fact that virus may stay safely in a tumor and replicate.

　　5．To infect the cancer cells, a good deal of viruses should be injected into the tumor.

　　6．Researches on animals indicate that virus could be used as a new way to treat drug-resistant tumors.

　　Question 7-9

　　Based on the reading passage, choose the appropriate letter from A-D for each answer.

　　7．Information about researches on viruses killing tumor cells can be found

　　（A） on TV

　　（B）  in magazines

　　（C） on internet

　　（D）  in newspapers

　　8．To treat tumors spreading out in body, researchers try to

　　（A）      change the body' immune system

　　（B）      inject chemotherapy drugs into bloodstream.

　　（C）      increase the amount of injection

　　（D）      disguise the viruses on the way to tumors.

　　9．When the chemical modified virus in tumor replicates, the copies

　　（A）  will soon escape from the tumor and spread out.

　　（B）  will be wiped out by the body's immune system.

　　（C）  will be immediately recognized by the researchers.

　　（D）  will eventually stop the tumor from spreading out.

　　Questions 10-13

　　Complete the sentences below. Choose your answers from the list of words. You can only use each word once.

　　NB        There are more words in the list than spaces so you will not use them all.

　　In the first clinical trials, scientists will try to ……10…… adenovirus and vaccinia, so both the viruses will be less pathogenic than the ……11…….These uncoated viruses will be applied directly to certain areas to confirm safety on human beings and the right ……12…… needed. The experiments will firstly be ……13……to the treatment of certain cancers

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