1998年5月托福考试阅读理解全真试题
（C）Management plans for using alder trees to improve soil
（D）The relation of alder trees to their forest environments
32.The word "dense" in line I is closest in meaning to
（A） dark
（B） tall
（C） thick
（D） broad
33.Alder trees can suppress the growth of nearby trees by depriving them of
（A） nitrogen
（B） sunlight
（C） soil nutrients
（D） water
34.Thc passage suggests that Douglas fir trees are
（A）a type of alder
（B）a type of evergreen
（C）similar to sword ferns
（D）fast-growing trees
35.It can be inferred from paragraph I that hemlock trees
（A） are similar in size to alder trees.
（B） interfere with the growth of Douglas fir trees
（C） reduce the number of alder trees In the forest
（D） need less sunlight than do Douglas fir trees
36.It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that previous generations of foresters
（A） did not study the effects of alders on forests
（B） did not want alders In forests
（C） harvested alders for lumber
（D） used alders to control the growth of evergreens
37.The word "they" in line 27 refers to
（A） newly developing soils
（B） alders
（C） bags
（D） chemical changes
38.According to the passage that alders are used in mountainous areas to
（A） nitrogen
（B） calcium
（C） carbon
（D） oxygen
39.It can be Inferred from the passage that alders are used in mountainous areas to
（A） prevent water from carrying away soil
（B） hold the snow
（C） protect mines
（D） provide material for housing
40.What is the author s main purpose in the passage？
（A） To argue that alder trees are useful in forest management
（B） To explain the life cycle of alder trees
（C） To criticize the way alders take over and eliminate forests
（D） To illustrate how alder trees control soil erosion
Questions 41-50
In taking ups new life across the Atlantic， the early European settlers of the United States did not abandon the diversions with which their ancestors had traditionally relieved the tedium of life. Neither the harshness of existence on the new continent nor Line the scattered population nor the disapproval of the clergy discouraged the majority from the pursuit of pleasure.
City and country dwellers. of course. conducted this pursuit in different ways. Farm dwellers in their isolation not only found it harder to locate companions in play but also thanks to the unending demands and pressures of their work， felt it necessary to combine fun with purpose. No other set of colonists too so seriously one expression of the period. "Leisure Is time for doing something useful." in the country- side farmers therefore relieved the burden of the daily routine with such double-purpose relaxation as hunting. fishing， and trapping. When a neighbor needed help， families rallied from miles around to assist In building a house or barn， husking corn， shearing sheep. or chopping wood. Food， drink， and celebration after the group work provided relaxation and soothed weary muscles.
The most eagerly anticipated social events were the rural fairs， Hundreds of men， women， and children attended from far and near. The men bought or traded farm animals and acquired needed merchandise while the women displayed food prepared in their kitchens， and everyone， Including the youngsters， watched or participated in a variety of competitive sports， with prizes awarded to the winners. These events typically included horse races， wrestling matches， and foot races， as well as some nonathletic events such as whistling competitions. No other occasions did so much to relieve the isolation of farm existence.
With the open countryside everywhere at hand， city dwellers naturally shared in some of the rural diversions. Favored recreations included fishing， hunting1 skating， and swimming. But city dwellers also developed other pleasures. which only compact communities made possible.
41.What is the passage mainly about？
（A） Methods of farming used by early settlers of the United States
（B） Hardships faced by the early settlers of the United States
（C） Methods of buying， selling， and trading used by early settlers of the United States