2017年黑龙江学位英语考试真题
The most important natural cause of fire is lightning (闪电). This accounts for 11 percent of forest fires on protected land for the entire nation. In the Western States, lightning causes a much higher percentage of fires than it does in the East.
Advances in knowledge of fire weather are helping forest protection forces to know when to be alert to lightning-caused fires. Adequate and well-equipped forces can control them quickly and hold the damage to a minimum. Experiments in "seeding" thunder clouds to prevent or control the lightning itself have been in process for many years, but new breakthroughs are needed for any significant reduction in the fires lightning starts.
46. This passage is chiefly about __________.
A. smoking in forests
B. changing the attitudes and behavior of millions of people
C. the chief causes of forest fires and their prevention
D. advances in knowledge of fire weather
47. Preventing smoker-caused forest fires is mainly a problem of __________.
A. building the proper knowledge and habits in human beings
B. safeguarding the forests from fire
C. posting rules in forests
D. holding the damage to a minimum
48. Lightning-caused fires can be controlled quickly by __________.
A. holding the fire damage to a minimum
B. people who have changed their attitudes and behavior
C. enough fire fighters with good fire-fighting devices
D. carrying out experiments in "seeding" thunder clouds
49. "Alert to" (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably means __________.
A. aware of B. watchful for
C. responsible for D. busy with
50. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? __________.
A. It is difficult to prevent forest fires
B. Smoking is allowed only in certain forests
C. 11% of the forest fires in the Western States are caused by lightning
D. Experiments in "seeding" thunder clouds have helped reduce lightning-caused forest fires
Passage Three
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Some years ago industries had more freedom than they have now, and they did not need to be as careful as they must today. They did not need to worry a lot about the safety of the new products that they developed. They did not have to pay much attention to the health and safety of the people who worked for them. Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them；often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers.
Of course sometimes there were real disasters(灾难) which attracted the attention of governments and which showed the need for changes．Also scientists who were doing research into the health of workers sometimes produced information which governments could not ignore．At such times, there were inquiries into the causes of the disasters or the problems. New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries；however, the new rules came too late to protect the people who died or who became seriously ill.
Today many governments have special departments which protect customers and workers. In the U. S., for example, there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings about possible problems. It also makes the rules that aircraft producers must follow. Another department controls the foods and drugs that companies sell．A third department looks at the places where people work，and then reports any companies that are breaking the laws which protect the health and safety of workers. Of course，new government departments and new laws cannot prevent every accident or illness，but they are having some good results. Our work places are safer and cleaner than before. The planes and cars which we use for travel are better. Producers are thinking more about the safety and health of the people who buy and use their products．
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