大学英语四级考试阅读笔记(19)
注：1.首句为主题句。
2.as to = about 引导的部分作为定语，修饰 problem
62. The third paragraph is mainly about ________
A) the development of babies' early forms of language
B) the difficulties of babies in learning to speak
C) babies' strong desire to communicate
D) babies' intention to communicate
注：段落主题题，第三段第一句
64. From the passage we learn that _________.
A) early starters can learn to speak within only six months
B) children show a strong desire to communicate by making noises
C) imitation plays an important role in learning to speak
D) children have various difficulties in learning to speak
注：文章末段，A选项是大众观点，B选项与第三段中But since these cannot ... 的意思矛盾所以不选
Any attempt to trace the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indicative of delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But since these cannot be said to show the baby's intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new sounds to their repertoire (能发出的全部声音). This self-imitation leads on to deliberate (有意识的) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.
65. The best title for this passage would be _________.
A) How Babies Learn to Speak
B) Early Forms of Language
C) A Huge Task for Children
D) Noise Making and Language Learning
注：标题题型，包含主题词baby、speak的为正确选项，B选项直接从文章第三段中摘抄，为干扰选项，C选项为大众观点，D选项过于细节
Any attempt to trace the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indicative of delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But since these cannot be said to show the baby' s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new sounds to their repertoire (能发出的全部声音). This self-imitation leads on to deliberate (有意识的) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.
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Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
21. People who are cognitively healthy are those _________.
A) whose minds are alert and receptive
B) who are highly intelligent.
C) who can remember large amounts of information
D) who are good at recognizing different sounds
22. According to Fozard's argument, people can make their brains work more efficiently by _________.
A) constantly doing memory work
B) making frequent adjustments
C) going through specific training
D) taking part in various mental activities
23. The findings of James and other scientists in their work _________.
A) remain a theory to be further proved
B) have been challenged by many other experts
C) are practised by the researchers themselves
D) have been generally accepted
24. Older people are generally advised to _________.
A) keep mentally active by challenging their brains
B) keep fit by going in for physical activities
C) maintain mental alertness through specific training
D) maintain a balance between individual and group activities
25. What is the passage mainly about?
A) How biochemical changes occur in the human brain.
B) Why people should receive special mental training as they age.
C) How intellectual activities influence brain-cell health.
D) Why people should keep active not only physically but also mentally.
Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive (认知的) areas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless of age.
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