大学英语四级考试阅读笔记(25)
37. In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to _________.
A) locate the problem area
B) draw a color-coded map
C) measure the size of the affected area
D) estimate the damage to the crops
注：B选项在第二段出现，C选项测量区域不对
Even plants can run a fever, especially when they're under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3, 000 feet away - straight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared (红外线) scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide (杀虫剂) spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don't have pest (害虫) problems.
38. Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by _________.
A) transforming poisoned rain
B) consulting infrared scanning experts
C) resorting to spot-spraying
D) detecting crop problems at an early date
注：考得是二段末句
Even better, Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running "fevers". Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.
39. The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties due to ______.
A) the lack of official support
B) its high cost
C) its failure to help increase production
D) the lack of financial support
注：考得是三段的第二句，因果关系due to ，B项为错误推理
The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works.
40. Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of－－－.
A) growing concern about the excessive use of pesticides on crops
B) the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce
C) the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture
D) full support from agriculture experts
注：因果关系词 because of
"This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States," says George Qerther of Texas A& M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired form the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.
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按照内容分为两类：
一、文科文章—两点注意：
1.文章态度
2.抓住文章主题
1）把握主题后不会偏差理解
2）与主题相关的选项为优选选项
二、理科文章
1.试验型（Study\Experiment\Research\Test）
2.科技成果型（e.g. Artificial Heart）
3.现象解释型
按照体裁分为三类：
一、 说明文 1.抓住说明对象 2.重要数据事实
二、 议论文 属于文科类文章
三、 记叙文
阅读中难点句型：
一、 多重复合句----关键抓住主句主干成分
二、 多重并列句----两个主句并列在一起，而非主句从句嵌套在一起
三、 强调句----被强调部分为主语、宾语、状语 It is that…
四、 被动句----基本结构 A is done by B
五、 倒装句----否定词 hardly, rarely, seldom, never, not until, not only 引起句子倒装
六、 省略句----e.g. He is a good man, so am I.
建议采用的阅读方法：
一、扫描题干，大致了解题目类型及分布，将其中细节题题干关键词划出。
二、速读原文，遇到题干关键词或其同义词时做适当标记；关注考试原则句。
考试原则句：重要句（各段首句，文章末句，结论、解释句），转折句，条件句，因果关系句，复合句等难句（多重复合、多重并列、强调句、倒装句），时间，数字，人名，比较。
三、定位答案，正确选项为文章对应语句的同义改写。
题型攻略：
一、主题题 (main idea/ mainly/ mainly discuss/mainly concerned/ central/ primary)
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