大学英语四级考试阅读笔记(25)
注：指代题。二段末句中的前半句中的 the task,而task又指代的是前边一句中提到的内容
A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose the costume (服装) of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocketbook (钱包). Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterations made, but apart from minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statues too come ready made, and the range of choice among them is limited.
注：1.四级文章比喻、类比相当于举例。举例常为细节，服务于结论，速读
2.rack 衣架
3.本段首句和末句之外都是举例部分
55. By saying that "an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince"(Lines 2-3, Para. 3), the writer means _________.
A) different people have different styles of clothes
B) ready-made clothes may need alterations
C) statuses come ready made just like clothes
D) our choice of statuses is limited
注：1.文章最后一句
2.考举例一定不是考举的例子本身，一定是考从中抽象出来的大结论。
51. In the first paragraph, the writer tells us that statuses can help us _________.
A) determine whether a person is fit for a certain job
B) behave appropriately in relation to other people
C) protect ourselves in unfamiliar situations
D) make friends with other people
注：1.重点第一句和第二句，第一句话说明身份地位的
功能：使我们对他人的言谈举止恰如其分
2.首句中的get along with是指与某人相处，get well along with 和睦相处
3.A项中的fit 与文中的fit意思不同
Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we "fit" in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader, and so on.
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Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
31. According to the passage the Jarvik-7 artificial heart proved to be ________.
A) a technical failure
B) a technical wonder
C) a good life saver
D) an effective means to treat heart disease
32. From the passage we know that Symbion Inc. ________.
A) has been banned by the government from producing artificial hearts
B) will review the effects of artificial hearts before designing new models
C) may continue to work on new models of reliable artificial hearts
D) can make new models of artificial hearts available on the market in 10 to 20 years
33. The new models of artificial hearts are expected _________.
A) to have a working life of 10 or 20 years
B) to be set fully in the patient's chest
C) to be equipped with an external power source
D) to create a new passage for infection
34. The word "them" in Line 7, Para. 2 refers to _________.
A) doctors who treat heart diseases
B) makers of artificial hearts
C) America's health-care programs
D) new models of artificial hearts
注：指代题
35. Some people feel that _________.
A) artificial hearts are seldom effective
B) the country should not spend so much money on artificial hearts
C) the country is not spending enough money on artificial hearts
D) America's health-care programs are not doing enough for the nation's health
Just seven years ago, the Jarvik-7 artificial heart was being cheered as the model of human creativeness. The sight of Barney Clark - alive and conscious after trading his diseased heart for a metal-and-plastic pump - convinced the press, the public and many doctors that the future had arrived. It hadn't. After monitoring production of the Jarvik-7, and reviewing its effects on the 150 or so patients (most of whom got the device as a temporary measure) the U.S. Food and Drug Administration concluded that the machine was doing more to endanger lives than to save them. Last week the agency cancelled its earlier approval, effectively banning (禁止) the device.
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