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托福考试改错题常考要点及例题分析(上)Ⅲ

[08-08 15:02:24]   来源:http://www.xuehuiba.com  托福语法词汇   阅读:8843
概要:三、谓语动词(一) 谓语动词的主谓一致来源:考试大①、主谓分割原则例1:To the citizens of the United States, the bald eagle, A America's national bird, symbolize strength and freedom.BCD分析:C错,应改为symbolizes。主语谓语用逗号分割开,主语the bald eagle为单数,谓语动词也应该用单数形式。②、与后者一致原则not…but, 强调but后面的名词,来源:考试大not only…but also来源:考试大③、与前者一致原则来源:考试大名词+with/together with/as well as/including+复数名词,谓语用is, 中心词在前面,谓语动词应该与前面的名词保持一致 例:The athlete, together with his coach and ABCseveral relatives, are traveling to the Ol
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  三、谓语动词
  (一) 谓语动词的主谓一致来源:考试大
  ①、主谓分割原则
  例1:To the citizens of the United States, the bald eagle,
       A    
     America's national bird, symbolize strength and freedom.
          B      C      D
  分析:C错,应改为symbolizes。主语谓语用逗号分割开,主语the bald eagle为单数,谓语动词也应该用单数形式。
  ②、与后者一致原则
  not…but, 强调but后面的名词,来源:考试大  not only…but also来源:考试大  ③、与前者一致原则来源:考试大  名词+with/together with/as well as/including+复数名词,谓语用is,
  中心词在前面,谓语动词应该与前面的名词保持一致
  例:The athlete, together with his coach and
       A      B  C    
    several relatives, are traveling to the Olympic Games.
           D
  分析:D错,与谓语动词与the athlete 保持一致,改为is
  ④、就近原则来源:考试大  or, either…or, neither…nor,
  单数名词+or+复数名词+are
  如果把句子变为一般疑问句,也就是把be动词提到前面,那么变为is
  所以注意一点: 如果是陈述句,靠后面近,用复数
          如果是疑问句,靠前面近,用单数
  例:The structure or behavior of many protozoans are
          A      B       
    amazingly complex for single-celled animals.
      C              D
  分析:A错,应改为and。从谓语动词是复数形式判断,主语应该为复数,or连接两个名词时动词和后面的名词保持一致,behavior是用单数形式,因此只有改为并列连词and才能使主谓在数上保持一致。
  ⑤定语从句主语就近原则来源:考试大  There are five apples that are red.
  apples是复数,因此从句谓语动词是复数。
  例:A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most rockets
        A           
    carry a supply that last just a few seconds.
     B   C    D
  分析:D错,应改为lasts。从句的逻辑主语a supply为单数,其谓语动词应为单数形式。
  ⑥the +形容词主谓一致来源:考试大  The rich are not always happier than the poor.
  The rich 表示一类人,应该用复数
  ⑦、倒装句的主谓一致
  改错题倒装句的主谓一致一般考两种情况:来源:考试大  a. there be 句型
  there be+名词+名词,那么最近的名词决定其形式
  b. between/ among 放在句首+be+名词,名词其实是主语,所以be和名词保持一致
  例:There are no known society in which left-handed people predominate.
     A     B      C    D   
  分析:there be 句型由最近的名词决定其形式,society当然用单数,A错,there are 改为there is
  例:Between the foothills of the Andes and the Pacific
               A     B   
    Ocean are a dry coastal strip averaging about 30
       C        
    miles in width.
       D 
  分析:倒装句,are改为is来源:考试大  

  例:Among the favorite attractions at the National Air and
     A    B    C        
    Space Museum in Washington D.C. are the film
                      D
    presented on the five-story-tall screen.
  分析:D错,应改为films , 主语实际上是名词,应该与谓语动词保持一致。
  ⑧、百分比结构的主谓一致
  fifty percent of + 名词
  one percent of + 名词来源:考试大  谓语动词的形式和百分比多少没有关系,主要取决于后面的名词,比如:
    one percent of my students + are
    fifty percent of my time is spent on working.
  这里要强调两个结构来源:考试大  

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